HTML Phrase Tags

The phrase tags have been designed for specific purposes, though they are displayed in a similar way as other basic tags like <b>, <i>, <pre>, and <tt>, you have seen in previous chapter. This chapter will take you through all the important phrase tags, so let's start seeing them one by one.

Emphasized Text

Anything that appears within <em>...</em> element is displayed as emphasized text.

Marked Text

Anything that appears with-in <mark>...</mark> element, is displayed as marked with yellow ink.

Strong Text

Anything that appears within <strong>...</strong> element is displayed as important text.

Text Abbreviation

You can abbreviate a text by putting it inside opening <abbr> and closing</abbr> tags. If present, the title attribute must contain this full description and nothing else.

Acronym Element

The <acronym> element allows you to indicate that the text between <acronym> and </acronym> tags is an acronym.
At present, the major browsers do not change the appearance of the content of the <acronym> element.

Text Direction

The <bdo>...</bdo> element stands for Bi-Directional Override and it is used to override the current text direction.

Special Terms

The <dfn>...</dfn> element (or HTML Definition Element) allows you to specify that you are introducing a special term. It's usage is similar to italic words in the midst of a paragraph.
Typically, you would use the <dfn> element the first time you introduce a key term. Most recent browsers render the content of a <dfn> element in an italic font.

Quoting Text

When you want to quote a passage from another source, you should put it in between <blockquote>...</blockquote> tags.
Text inside a <blockquote> element is usually indented from the left and right edges of the surrounding text, and sometimes uses an italicized font.

Short Quotations

The <q>...</q> element is used when you want to add a double quote within a sentence.

Text Citations

If you are quoting a text, you can indicate the source placing it between an opening <cite> tag and closing </cite> tag
As you would expect in a print publication, the content of the <cite> element is rendered in italicized text by default.

Computer Code

Any programming code to appear on a Web page should be placed inside<code>...</code> tags. Usually the content of the <code> element is presented in a monospaced font, just like the code in most programming books.

Keyboard Text

When you are talking about computers, if you want to tell a reader to enter some text, you can use the <kbd>...</kbd> element to indicate what should be typed in, as in this example.

Programming Variables

This element is usually used in conjunction with the <pre> and <code>elements to indicate that the content of that element is a variable.

Program Output

The <samp>...</samp> element indicates sample output from a program, and script etc. Again, it is mainly used when documenting programming or coding concepts.

Address Text

The <address>...</address> element is used to contain any address.

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